What is the main ingredient in most hair relaxers?

The main ingredient in most hair relaxers is sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. These chemicals are powerful alkaline agents that work to break down the hair's natural protein structure, which allows the hair to be straightened. Sodium hydroxide, in particular, is the most commonly used ingredient in traditional relaxers. It alters the chemical bonds in the hair, effectively loosening the curl pattern and providing a smoother appearance.

Hair relaxers are specifically formulated to change the internal structure of the hair, making the straightening process effective and long-lasting. The choice of ingredients like sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide is essential, as they ensure that the hair is not just temporarily straightened, but rather that it undergoes a lasting change in texture.

Other options provided do have their own purposes in hair care and styling, but they do not serve as the primary active ingredients in relaxers. Sodium chloride is often used in conditioners and shampoos, ammonium thioglycolate is typically found in perm solutions, and hydrogen peroxide is generally used for hair lightening rather than relaxing. This context highlights why sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide is the correct choice when questioning the main ingredient in hair relaxers.